Anthrax is primarily an occupational disease. It is occasionally identified in individuals who are exposed to dead animals and animal products such as wool and hair.

The anthrax bacteria can live in the soil for many years. Man may become infected with anthrax by inhaling contaminated soil particles or by handling wool or hair from diseased animals. Infection of the intestinal tract can occur by eating undercooked meat from diseased animals.

The symptoms vary depending upon the type of exposure. With skin exposure, a boil-like lesion appears which eventually forms a black center. A swelling of the lymph gland under the arm may occur. With respiratory exposure, symptoms may resemble the common cold and may progress to severe breathing problems and even death.

The incubation period is usually within seven days.

There are no reports of the disease spreading from human to human.

A second attack with this disease is unlikely.

Penicillin is the drug of choice but tetracycline may also be prescribed.

The disease could be fatal in untreated cases.

Anthrax vaccine is available for people in high-risk occupations. To prevent anthrax, carefully handle dead animals suspected of having anthrax; provide good ventilation when processing hides, fur, hair or wool; and vaccinate animals.

New York State Department of Health