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Vaginal thrush 

Vaginal thrush, sometimes called 'monilia' or a 'yeast' infection, is a common condition caused by an overgrowth of the micro-organism Candida albicans.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms around the genital area

• itching
• irritation
• soreness
• swelling of the vaginal opening

Other symptoms

• cheesy-white discharge
• discomfort during intercourse
• pain when urinating

What is the cause?

Candida is one of a large number of organisms present in the vagina all the time. These organisms do no harm until something upsets their normal balance (and sometimes that trigger factor is not obvious).

Factors likely to cause vaginal thrush

• diabetes
• treatment with antibiotics or cortisone
• pregnancy

Factors that might cause vaginal thrush

• intercourse
• oral contraceptives
• an IUD (intra-uterine device)
• tight-fitting jeans
• nylon underwear
• leaving on a wet bathing suit after swimming
• humid weather
• travel (due to prolonged sitting)

What is the treatment?

• See your doctor about a vaginal cream or pessary to insert high up in the vagina.
• Bathe the genital area gently 2 or 3 times a day to relieve the discomfort and itching. Use 1 tablespoon of bicarbonate of soda in 1 litre of warm water.
• Dry the genital area thoroughly after showering or bathing.
• Wear loose-fitting cotton underwear.
• Do not have intercourse while you have thrush.

How is it prevented?

• Wash and thoroughly dry the genital area at least once a day.
• Do not wear panty hose, tight jeans or tight underwear or use tampons. (Candida thrives in warm, moist, dark areas.)
• Do not use vaginal douches, powders or deodorants.

What should you do if the infection keeps returning?

• Are you taking antibiotics? Ask your doctor's advice about the thrush.
• If you are using oral contraceptives, you might have to change to another form of contraception.
• See your doctor about checking your urine for sugar (diabetes) or another infection.
  

Copyright 1995: John Murtagh, Professor of General Practice
Monash University, Melbourne, Australia